Window construction



March 28, 1967 s. E. PERSSON WINDOW CONSTRUCTION 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 FiledJuly 31, 1964 I .1. Ffe

Sven Eric Penssan INVENTCR 19M ,1 W

ATTORNEY March 28, 1967 5 PERSSON WINDOW CONSTRUCTION 5 Sheets-Sheet 2Filed July 31, 1964 a FIGB FIG 5 m T N E V m ATTORNEY March 28, 1967 s.E. PERSSON wmnow CONSTRUCTION 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed July 31, 1964 SvenEric Persson INVENTOR ATTORNEY United States Patent "ice 3,31%,927WINDOW CUNSTRUCTION Sven Eric Persson, Stow, Ohio (Box 29034, Malina 20,Sweden) Filed .luiy 31, 1964, Ser. No. 386,705 9 Claims. (Cl. 52656)This invention relates to windows and more particularly has reference towindows including frames and sash that are formed of sheet material suchas steel, stainless steel, or other sheet material.

The invention is directed more particularly to the construction andformation of window frames and window sash from sheet material such assteel, stainless steel, other metals, and other materials wherein theparts of the sash and frames are formed by cold rolling.

At the present time, many developments have been made in theconstruction and formation of windows, doors and window sash of extrudedor formed sections of metal such as aluminum. In addition, attempts havebeen made to provide window sash frames and doors comprising frames ofskeletons of wood or metal covered with finishing material in the formof sheet metal or other substances.

Up to the present time, however, there has been no provision forconstructing windows and window frames or door frames entirely of sheetmetal, such as stainless steel or other materials, which will providestructures of sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand the stressesand abuse to which windows and doors are normally subjected and yet willhave the advantages of sheet metal.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide window sashand frames constructed entirely of sheet material such as sheetstainless steel or other sheet metals and even other material in sheetform.

Another object of this invention is to provide a window constructionwherein the frame and the sash are formed substantially entirely ofsheet material.

A further object of this invention is to provide a window constructionwherein the sash are formed of sheet material sections which have beencold rolled to form a channel-like groove for the reception ofself-tapping and other screws for the attachment of hardware and otherelements to the sections.

Still another object of this invention is to provide a windowconstruction wherein the frame is formed of joined sections of sheetmaterial such as sheet stainless steel and wherein certain sections areprovided with channel-like grooves for the reception of self-tapping orother screws for the attachment of hardware and other elements to thesections.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a sash frame forreceiving a panel such as a pane of glass, which frame is formed of anumber of joined sections of strips of sheet material which have beencold rolled to form the panel-receiving channel and to form reinforcingflanges and other appurtenances wherein the channel. flanges andappurtenances of each section are integral.

In addition, the present invention has as an object the provision of awindow frame formed of sheet material and comprising an inner elementand an outer element interconnected and wherein insulating material isprovided between the interconnected portions of the inner and outerframe elements to provide a thermal break between the same.

With these and other objects in view, the present invention resides inthe parts and combinations hereinafter described and illustrated in theannexed drawing, in which:

FIGURE 1 is an outside elevational view of a window constructed inaccordance with the present invention;

FIGURE 2 is a fragmentary enlarged view of a portion of the window frameand sash shown in FIGURE 1;

3,316,927 Patented Mar. 28, 1967 FIGURE 3 is a sectional view taken online 33 of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 4 is a fragmentary elevational view of one :side of the windowtaken from the interior thereof;

FIGURE 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 5-5 of FIGURE 2;

FIGURE 6 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view similar to FIGURE 5but taken on the lower portion of FIGURE 3;

FIGURE 7 is a perspective view of an anchoring member that is adapted tocooperate with the frame as shown in FIGURE 6 to anchor the samein abuilding opening;

FIGURE 8 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 88 of FIGURE 2;

FIGURE 9 is an exploded fragmentary view of a sash element and frameillustrating how the hinges are attached; and

FIGURE 10 is an inside elevational view of the window of this invention.

As best shown in FIGURE 3 of the drawings, the present inventioncomprises a frame for an opening in a building, such as a window frame.The frame is preferably of rectangular construction and comprises anouter frame element 1 and an inner frame element 2. As clearly shown inFIGURE 2, the outer frame element 1 is of rectangular formation andcomprises upright or side sections 3, a bottom rail section 4, and a toprail section 5. Each of the top, bottom and side sections of the outerframe element is constructed of a single sheet or strip of material suchas sheet stainless steel or other sheet metal or other substance insheet form and is cold rolled to form a member having the cross sectionindicated in FIGURE 3 of the drawing. In other words, the strip of sheetmaterial is folded into a boX-like configuration indicated by referencenumeral 6. This hollow, box-like configuration has a peripheral flange 7integral therewith and of double thickness. At the inner periphery ofthe frame, the box-like configuration has a second flange 8 whichextends perpendicularly to flange 7. Flange 8 is of double thickness andcarries a third flange 9 also of double thickness which is parallel tothe flange 7 and spaced therefrom. Flange 9 extends peripherallyoutwardly of flange 8 at a point between the box-like formation 6 andthe inner free edge of flange 8. The free edges of the strip of materialforming the section of the frame including the box-like formation lie atthe free edge of flange 9. For purposes of the present invention, it isnot necessary that the free edges of the strip, of which the sectionincluding the hollow box-like configuration 6 is constructed, and whichcorrespond to the free edges of flange 9 be welded or otherwise securedtogether because, due to the formation of the section by cold rolling orother means, the two thicknesses of material forming the flange 9 willlie juxtaposed against each other. Of course, if desired, the free edgesof flange 9 may be welded or otherwise secured together. Similarly, anyother double thicknesses of material in the section may be spot welded,welded, or otherwise secured together if necessary or desired.

The inner frame element 2 as shown in FIGURE 4 of the drawings is alsoof rectangular construction, and the top and bottom rail sections andthe upright sections are formed of strips of sheet material such assheet metal or other sheet material as hereinbefore indicated.

Each of the sections is formed by folding or bending the strip of sheetmetal or other material by cold rolling to form a body portion 10 havinga channeldike groove 11 formed therein intermediate the edges thereof.At the inner edge of the body 10, there is provided a peripheral flange12, a portion 13 of which extends inwardly of the frame element andanother portion 14 of which extends outwardly of the frame element. Fromthe portion 14 there is an outwardly extending flange 15, the free edgeof which is bent back on itself and then inwardly of the frame to form aterminal flange 16.

At its outer edge the body portion carries a flange 17 which extendsinwardly of the inner frame element as clearly shown in FIGURE 3. Thematerial forming the flange 17 is bent back on itself and extends firstparallel and adjacent the body portion 10 and then extends outwardly ofthe frame element to form a portion 18 which corresponds to portion 14of the flange 12 on the opposite edge of the body 10. From the free edgeof flange 18 there extends a flange-like portion 19 in the same plane asthe flange and toward said flange 15. The free edge of flange 19 is bentback on itself and then inwardly of the inner frame element to form aportion 20 corresponding to the portion 16.

The foregoing construction provides a slot in the outer peripheralportion of the inner frame element between the opposite ends of flanges15 and 19. The spaced angled flanges 16 and 20 at the edges of the slotcooperate to form a seat to receive the head 21 of an anchor oranchoring element 22 by means of which the inner frame element issecured or anchored to the wall of the building in which the window ismounted.

FIGURES 6 and 7 illustrate more clearly the manner in which the anchor22 is secured to the inner frame element. It will be noted that the head21 of the anchoring element has diagonally opposite rounded cornerswhich permit the head to be inserted through the slot provided betweenthe opposed edges of flanges 15 and 19. After the head 21 is positionedon the seat provided by angled flanges 16 and 20, it may be twisted tobring the rectilinear edge portions of the head 21 into engagement withthe flanges 16 and 20 and thereby secure the same firmly in engagementwith the inner frame element. The body portion 22 of the anchor may beprovided with openings 23 by means of which the body of the anchor iseffective- 1y secured to the wall of the building,

The inner and outer elements of the frame are assembled by securing thevarious sections of each frame element together, for instance, the topand bottom rails of the outer frame element may be secured to the stilesor side sections by welding, by screws, or other fastening means ormethods, and then the inner frame element may be partially assembled by,for instance, assembling the two upright sections with the bottom railsection. The outer frame element is then slid into assembled positionwith the inner frame element by positioning the flange 17 of the innerelement in the space between the hollow boxlike element 6 of the outerframe element and the flange 9 of the outer frame element, as clearlyshown in FIGURES 3, 5 and 6 of the drawings. space between the box-likeelement of the outer frame element and the flange 19 suitableheat-insulating material 9a, and the flange 17 is spaced by theheat-insulating material so that there will be no metal-to-metal contactbetween the flange 17 and any portion of the outer frame element. Afterthe inner and outer frame elements are assembled with the insulatingmaterial between them to provide the necessary thermal break, then theremaining section, which may be the top rail of the inner frame element,may be put in position and welded or otherwise attached to the side orupright sections of the inner frame element thereby providing acompletely assembled frame consisting of the inner and outer frameelements with the heat-insulating material interposed between the sameso as to provide a definite thermal break between the outer frameelement and the inner frame element.

The assembled inner and outer frame elements may be placed in the wallof a building in which window openings are provided, in any desiredmanner well known to those skilled in the building construction art. Inthis connection, use may be made of the anchors 22 which are of specialconstruction to provide a definite attachment by means of their headportions 21 with the inner frame element. In assembling the frame inThere is provided in the an opening in the building wall, the flanges 7of the outer frame element may serve as a caulking stop, and the flange14 of the inner frame element may serve a similar purpose. The flanges 7and 14 on the frame have other purposes as may appear hereinafter whenit is deemed necessary to assemble a group of window frames togetherwith interposed mullions.

The sheet material frame constructed in accordance with the presentinvention may be provided with weathering sections or stop members alsoformed of sheet material and suitably attached to the inner frameelement. As clearly shown in FIGURES 3 and 6, the stop or weatheringsection 24 is formed of sheet metal bent to form a hollow body. FIGURES3 and 6 show in particular the weathering section 24 secured in place atthe inner bottom portion of the window frame. Bach portion of theweathering section comprises of sheet material such as sheet metalhaving a flat surface or body 25 from which extends a vertical flange26, the free edge of which is bent inwardly to provide a small flange 27which abuts the body portion 10 of the inner frame element.

The other edge of the body portion 25 is bent inwardly of the innerframe element and then back on itself to provide a flange 28 of doublethickness. The portion of the flange 28 that is bent back on itself iscontinued to form a side wall 2i of the weathering section, and the freeedge of this wall is bent back on itself and then is continued in theopposite direction to provide a slot or groove 30 which receives theflange 13 of the inner frame element. As clearly shown in FIGURE 6 ofthe drawings, the weathering section 24 is secured to the inner frameelement by means of screws 31 which pass through openings provided inthe weathering section 24 and enter into the rectangular slot 11provided in the body portion 10 of the inner frame element. The screws31 being of the self-tapping type will readily engage in the slot orchannel 11 and effectively secure the weathering section firmly andfixedly to the inner frame element.

As clearly indicated in FIGURES 3 and 6 of the drawings, there isinterposed between the Weathering section 24 and the outer frame element1 a sealing strip 32, the purpose of which will appear hereinafter.

When the frame according to the present invention is to be used formounting a window pivoted to swing about a horizontal intermediate axis,the weathering section 24 is attached not only to the bottom rail of thewindow frame, as shown in FIGURES 3 and 6, but is also attached to theportions of the stiles of the window frame beneath the hinge about whichthe window is to be swung, as shown in FIGURE 8.

In the event that the frame is to be used for mounting window sash in amanner to swing about a horizontal pivot at a position other than theintermediate position described above, the weathering sections may bepositioned at different portions of the window frame. Furthermore, inthe event that the sash is mounted to swing about a vertical axis, theweathering sections may be differently positioned so as to effect atight joint between the frame and the sash when the sash is in closedposition.

In the case that the weathering sections are joined to extend on morethan one section of the window frame, the joints between the portionsthereof may be effected by welding or other means of attachment.

The present invention not only contemplates the production of windowframes of sheet metal but also contemplates the construction of the sashor vents of windows of sheet metal. In the following description, thesash or vents will be described as of the double-glazed type, in whichan inner sash element is mounted by means of hinges to swing about ahorizontal axis intermediate the upper and lower potrions thereof, andan outer sash element is hingedly attached to the inner sash element toswing with the inner sash element and also so that it may be swung awayfrom the inner sash element to permit access to the space between thesash elements. In assembled position, the outer sash element is adaptedto be latched in closed position with respect to the inner sash element.The inner sash element is formed of four sections comprising a bottomrail section, a top rail section, and two stile sections. Each sectionis composed of a strip of sheet metal which is folded to provide thedesired configuration. FIGURES 5, 6 and 8 clearly illustrates a crosssection of side and bottom sections of the inner sash element. Thesections forming the side and bottom of the inner sash element are ofidentical cross section, and in the following description, the variousportions thereof will be given the same reference numerals. The bodyportion 33 of the section is corrugated as illustrated in the drawings.The inner edge of the body portion 33 is bent to form one side 34 of achannel 35 for receiving a pane of glass or other transparent,translucent, or opaque material as desired. The strip of metal isfurther bent to form a bottom 36 of channel 35 and again bent to form aside 37 of channel 35. The free edge of the sheet metal strip is thenbent inwardly in a plane parallel to the body portion 33 and thenoutwardly to form a flange 38. The free edge of the flange 381 is bentoutwardly of the window to form an outer peripheral portion 39. Theouter peripheral portion has a groove 49 formed in the intermediateportion thereof which extends of a depth such that the bottom of thegroove 40 is in engagement with the body portion 33 of the section. Theoutermost free edge of the portion 39 is bent at right angles thereto toform an outwardly eXtending flange 41.

The outermost free edge of the body portion 33 of the strip of sheetmetal is bent peripherally outwardly to form a flange 43 and theninwardly to form a terminal flange 44.

The metal is then bent back on itself to make terminal flange 44 andflange 43 have a double thickness. The metal is still further bent tounderlie the body portion 33 and is then bent peripherally outwardly toform a flange 45 lying opposite flange 43. A portion of flange 45 isbent outwardly in the same plane as flange 44 and back on itself to forma flange 46 which is directly opposite and substantially in the sameplane as flange 44. Flange 45 continues outwardly from flange 46 and isbent back on itself to form a stop member 47. The free edge portion ofthe metal strip is then bent to form a portion 48 which lies in the sameplane as the portion 39. The free edge of the portion 48 is bentoutwardly and back :on itself to form an interlock with the terminalflange 41 as clearly shown in the drawings.

For most purposes it is found that the inter-locking seam formed betweenthe terminal flange 41 and the opposite free edge of the strip ofmaterial is suflicient to impart strength and rigidity to the section ofthe sash thus formed. If desired, however, the seam may be welded orotherwise bonded to insure its permanent assembly.

The construction described above is of extreme importance in that thereis provided by folding a single strip of material a channel forreceiving the pane or panel 52 to be supported by the inner sashelement. Furthermore, there is provided in the outer peripheral portionof the inner sash element a groove 46 which serves as a means ofattaching hardware and various accessories to the inner sash elementwithout requiring machining, filling, or punching thereof. For instance,as shown in FIGURE 6 of the drawings, a pull element 58 may be securelyattached to the inner sash element by means of screws 51 which passthrough openings provided in the element 56) and enter the channellikeslot 44 The screws are preferably of the self-tapping type and are ofsuch size as to securely embed themselves in the Walls of the slot 44).It will be noted that the outer edge of the element is in engagementwith the seam formed by the free edges of the strip of which the lowersection of the inner sash is constructed. This arrangement impartsrigidity and avoids any tendency for the pull to become loosened asmight be the case in the event of its attachment by screws alone.

It wi h be noted that the channel 35 for receiving the pane 52 has itswalls slightly inclined so that the channel is of somewhat dovetailcross section. This facilitates cooperation between the sealing head 53,the walls of.

the channel, and the pane or panel 52.

The flanges 43, 44, 45 and 46 at the outer edge of the body portion 33provide a channel 54 which is partially closed by the flanges 44 and 46.The channel 54 and the cooperating flanges 44 and 46 provide a means ofsecuring hardware to the inner sash element or vent. One importantpurpose of the channel 54 is for the attachment to the inner sashelement of a hinge component 55 by means of which an outer sash elementis hingedly attached to the inner sash element. As illustrated in FIGURE6, the hinge component 55 is carried by a bracket 56 which is secured bymeans of screws or studs 57 to a nut plate 58 which is inserted withinthe channel 54 on the bottom rail of the inner sash element.

The channel 54 on the sides or stiles of the inner sash element mayserve as a groove for receiving a slidable element which is connected toarms 54a pivoted to the outer sash element to hold the outer sashelement in a position to which it is swung about the hinge member tofacilitate cleaning of the panes in the two sash elements.

The inner sash element is assembled by securing together the bottomsection to the two side sections by welding or other suitable means. Inplace of attachment by welding, in some instances attachment can beeifected by angle brackets such as shown in FIGURE 2 of the drawing. Inthis instance, an angle bracket 60 is secured to adjacent sections bymeans of screws 61 which are threaded into the slots 40 of the adjacentsections.

The top rail of the inner sash element is detachably connected to theside sections to facilitate the insertion of the pane or panel 52 withinthe channel 35 and the removal thereof in the case of breakage orrequired replacement. As best shown in FIGURE 3 of the drawings, theupper rail is formed of a strip of sheet material 'which comprises abody portion 62 which has a dished portion 6 3 at one side thereof. Theouter free edge of the strip is bent back on itself to form an outwardlyextending flange 64 of double thickness. The free edge of the strip isthen bent inwardly to from a flange portion 65 and then outwardly of thesash element to form a shoulder 66, and again continued inwardly of thesash element to form one side 67 of a channel for receiving a sealingstrip 68. The free edge of the strip is then bent outwardly of thewindow opening to provide a bottom wall 69 for the channel that receivesthe sealing strip 63. Finally, the free edge of the strip is bentoutwardly of the sash element to form a wall 70 for retaining the strip68 within the channel.

The innermost edge of the strip forming the body 62 is bent outwardly ofthe sash element and back on itself to form a flange 71, the purpose ofwhich will appear hereinafter. The free edge of the strip forming theinnermost portion of the flange 71 is then continued inwardly to form aflange 72 which carries a channel member 76 for receiving the pane orpanel 52.

As illustrated in FIGURE 3, the flange 72 is of double thickness and isintegral with the bottom wall 74 and the side walls 75 and 76 of thechannel 7 3. As a matter of fact, the walls of the channel are of doublethickness as illustrated. The double thickness effect of the flange 72is obtained by bending the free edge of the strip back on itself.Actually, the return portion of the flange 72 is again bent to form aportion 77 which underlies the body 6 2 and the free edge is finallybent inwardly to provide a flange 78 opposite the flange 65.

The space provided between flanges 65 and 78 serves as a seat to receivean upper member 79 of a Venetian blind 80 which is to be supported bythe inner sash element.

The details of the Venetian blind 80 and its upper element 7 9 have notbeen illustrated as any suitable, conventional Venetian blind mechanismmay be adapted to fit within the space between the flanges 65 and 78.

The upper rail formed of the strip of sheet material is detachablyconnected to the side sections of the inner sash element in any desiredmanner. For instance, this attachment may be effected by means of anangle bracket and screws, as illustrated in FIGURE 2 of the drawing.Moreover, the upper rail may be attached to the side sections of theinner sash element by means of screws passing through portions of theupper rail and engaging within the slots 40 of the side sections of theinner sash element. Any other suitable means for detachably connecingthe upper rail to the side sections of the inner sash element may beemployed.

The outer sash element comprises a sash frame also formed of sheet metalor other sheet material. As illustrated in the drawings, the outer sashelement comprises a lower rail section, two side sections or stiles, andan upper rail section.

As in the case of the inner sash member, the lower rail and the stilesorside sections are of the same cross section. Each of these sections isformed of a strip of sheet material which is bent or folded to form achannel member 81 having a bottom wall 82 and inner side walls 83 and84. The outermost edge of the strip is bent outwardly of the sashopening and then back on itself to form a flange 85 which serves as anouter wall of the channel for receiving the other sash element. The wall85 is continued downwardly to form an outermost flange 87 which is bentback on itself to form a seam 38 with the opposite edge of the strip ofmaterial. The strip of material forming the wall 84 is bent inwardly ofthe frame and then outwardly of the frame to form the outer wall 89 ofthe channel 81. The wall 89 is continued outwardly of the sash elementand then is bent at right angles to form a flange 90 and then furtheroutwardly to form a peripheral flange 91. The peripheral flange at itsoutermost edge is bent to form a bead 92 which serves as a hingecomponent that cooperates with the hinge component 55 carried by theinner sash element. Bead 92 is perforated at intervals to permit thehinge component 55 to pass through the same.

The bead 92 not only serves as a component for cooperation with thehinge component 55 carried by the inner sash element but also serves asa stop for cooperating with flange 47 carried by the inner sash elementframe, as clearly illustrated in FIGURES and 8.

The upper rail of the outer sash element is also formed of sheet metalor other sheet material and comprises a channel member 93 having abottom wall 94 and side walls 95 and 96. The edges of the sheet materialare bent back on themselves as shown in the drawings to form outer sidewalls 97 and 98 of the channel member 94. The free edges of the strip ofmaterial are further bent so as to continue from the bottom of thechannel member 94 and form a flange 99 of double thickness which extendsupwardly from the channel member 94. The material of the strip is bentto extend upwardly from the flange 99 to form an upper member 101 and alower member 101 and the free ends are overlapped to form aninterlocking seam 102. The portion 101 of the strip is shaped in theform of a latch to cooperate with sealing material 68 carried by theupper rail of the inner sash element and thereby forms a latch to retainthe outer sash element in assembled position with the inner sashelement.

It has been found that the hinge components formed by the peripheralhead 92 and the members 55 carried by the inner sash element aresufficient in conjunction with the latch formed by the upper rail of theouter sash element to effectively retain the outer sash element inassembled relation with the inner sash element.

When it is desired to swing the outer sash element away from the innersash element, the assembled sashes should be rotated to a positionwhereby the hinge components are uppermost and the latch componentformed of the elements as and 101 are in a lowermost position. Byunlatching the then lower edge of the assembled sashes, the outer sashelement may be swung away from the inner sash element to permit accessto the space between the sash element for cleaning or other purposes. Aspreviously indicated, arms carried by slides within the channel 54 andpivoted to the outer sash element may be provided to retain the outersash element spaced away from the inner sash element during cleaningoperations.

The upper rail of the outer sash element is detachably connected to theside sections of the outer sash frame element in order to permit thepane or panel 86 to be inserted and removed therefrom. In thisconnection a sealing bead 102 is provided between the pane or panel 86and the walls of the channel members 81 and 94.

The attachment of the upper rail member to the side sections of theouter frame element may be effected by brackets and screws or in anyother desired manner.

In the window construction according to the present invention asillustrated in the drawings wherein the sash members are pivoted about ahorizontal axis, as previously explained, the weathering sections 24 areprovided on the bottom rail and on the stiles beneath the pivot hinge.Above the pivot hinge the weathering sections 240, which are identicallyconstructed to the weathering sections 24, are secured to the inner sashelement instead of being secured to the inner frame element. For thispurpose, screws 31a are provided which extend into the slot 4th of theinner sash element. In this instance, the weathering sections 24a thenmove with the sash in its pivoting movement about the horizontal axis.

In one of the most useful forms of the present invention, the assembledinner and outer sash elements are adapted to swing about a horizontalaxis intermediate the upper and lower portions of the window frame. Asshown in FIGURES 9 and 10 of the drawings, hinges 103 are provided forthis purpose. Each of the hinges 103 comprises two components, one ofwhich is adapted to be secured to the window frame and has beendesignated by reference numeral 104. This hinge component comprises abase 105 which is adapted to be secured to the stationary window frameby means of screws 1% and 107 which are received within the groove 11provided in the inner frame element 2. As in the case of otherattachments to the frame by means of screws engaging the groove 11,screws 1% and 1457 may preferably be of the self-tapping type and, whenscrewed into the groove 11, will securely attach the hinge componentthereto. In some instances it is found desirable to provide lugs 108 onthe hinge component 1% to assist in fixing the component to the windowframe.

The hinge component 104 is provided with an offset portion 109 which hasa curved groove or slot 110 formed therein. As illustrated, the offsetportion 109 projects inwardly of the window frame. Hinge component 104is located just above one of the weathering sections 24- that is alsoattached to the window frame element by screws entering the slot 11.

The hinge component 111 is provided for attachment to the inner sashelement by means of screws 112 and 113 which pass through suitableopenings in the hinge component 111 and enter the slot 40 provided inthe inner sash element. Hinge component 111 is provided with dependingspaced ears 114 and 115 through which a pivot pin or shaft 116 passes.In assembled relation, the pivot pin or shaft 116 is positioned withinthe slot 110 of the hinge component 164 and normally rests at the bottomof the slot 110 after the sash has been moved from closed to partiallyopen position. During further movement to fully open position, the pins116 pivot in the bottom of the slots 110. In the closed position of thesash, the pins 116 are slightly raised from the bottom of the slot 110due to the lower portion 117 of the hinge component 111 bearing on theupper edge 118 of hinge component 104.

As previously indicated, the head 92 of the outer sash element engagesflange 47 of the inner sash element to provide a tight joint between thebead 92 and the flange 47. The latter its covered with a strip ofsealing material 47a (see FIG. 8).

It should further be noted (see FIG. 3) that the sealing member 68carried by the upper rail of the inner sash member extends upwardly tothe space between the flanges 64, 65 and 66 to effectively seal theupper rail of the outer sash element to the upper rail of the inner sashelement. 32 associated with the weathering sections 24 and 24acooperates in the case of weathering sections 24 (see FIG. 8) with thesealing strip 47a carried between the flange 47 of the inner sashelement and in the case of the weathering sections 24a (see FIG. 5) withthe inner end of flange 8 of the outer frame element to form a tightjoint between the sash elements and the frame elements.

From the foregoing description, it will be realized that the presentinvention provides a window and frame structure that may be constructedof sheet metal and particularly cold-rolled sheet steel or sheetstainless steel. It has been found that sheet steel of 20 to 28 gauge issuitable. The various elements of the window frames and window sash arebasically of cubic form with 90 bends. The configuration of the varioussections of the frames and sash is such that hardware can be attached atany place along the section without the necessity of making holes in thesections. This eliminates machining and the necessity of employing toolsto make fastenings that would otherwise be necessary. The arrangement ofthe screwreceiving grooves or slots in the portions of the window frameand window sash will greatly reduce the cost of window fabrication andprovide a structure wherein the fastenings are not apparent When thewindow is assembled and the sash is in closed position.

The form of the present invention shown in the drawings is given by wayof example and it should be understood that the basic concepts of thepresent invention are not to be limited to the particular structuredisclosed.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. A frame for a building opening formed of strips of sheet material,each strip forming one of the top, bottom, or side members of the frame,and comprising a body portion defining the inner peripheral surface ofthe frame and lying in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the frame,said :body portion having a channel-like groove in said inner peripheralsurface, and flanges at the opposite edges of the body portion extendingfrom the frame in planes parallel to the plane of the frame, each striphaving portions extending towards each other from the outwardlyextending flanges and lying parallel to the body portion, said portionsterminating short of each other to provide a slot and being reverselybent back on themselves perpendicularly and extending towards the bodyportion to provide spaced angled flanges bordering the slot, all of saidflanges being integral with said body portion and being formed bybending and rebending said strip.

2. A frame according to claim 1 further comprising anchor means providedwith a head engaging the angled flanges at the edges of the slot tosecure the anchor means to the frame.

3. A frame according to claim 1, said frame comprising an inner frame,and an outer frame formed of strips It should further be noted that thesealing strip 4 of sheet material, each strip forming one of the top,bottom, and side members of the outer frame and folded longitudinally toprovide a unit having a first flange extending from the outer peripheralportion of the outer frame, a second flange extending from the innerperipheral portion of the outer frame toward the inner frame and a thirdflange extending from the second flange in the direction of the firstflange and parallel thereto, said third flange being spaced from theunit, one of the flanges of the inner frame extending into the spacebetween the third flange of the outer frame and said unit, andheatinsulating material interposed between the last mentioned flange ofthe inner frame and the adjacent portions of the outer frame.

4. A frame according to claim 3 further comprising anchor means providedwith a head engaging the angled flanges at the edges of the slot tosecure the anchor means to the frame.

5. A frame for a building opening comprising an inner frame elementformed of strips of sheet material, each strip forming one of the top,bottom, or side members of the frame, and comprising a body portiondefining the inner peripheral surface of the frame and lying in a planeperpendicular to the plane of the frame, said body portion having achannel-like groove in said inner peripheral surface, and flanges at theopposite edges of the body portion extending from the frame in planesparallel to the plane of the frame, all of said flanges being integralwith said body portion and being formed by bending and rebending saidstrip, an outer frame element formed of strips of sheet material, eachstrip forming one of the top, bottom, and side members of the outerframe and being folded longitudinally to provide a unit having a firstflange extending from the outer peripheral portion of the outer frameelement, a second flange extending from the inner peripheral portion ofthe outer frame toward the inner frame and a third flange spaced fromthe base of the second flange and extending from the second flange inthe direction of the first flange and parallel thereto, one of theflanges of the inner frame element extending into the space between thethird flange of the outer frame and said unit, and heat-insulatingmaterial interposed between the last mentioned flange of the inner frameelement and the adjacent portions of the outer frame, said lastmentionedflange and said heat-insulating material and said adjacent portions ofthe outer frame interconnecting the inner and outer frames.

6. A frame according to claim 5 wherein the first and third flanges ofthe outer frame element and the cooperating flange of the inner frameelement are parallel to the planes of said inner and outer frameelements.

7. A frame according to claim 5 wherein the unit of the outer frame isof hollow box-like form.

8. A frame for a building opening comprising an inner frame elementformed of a strip of sheet material comprising a body portion lying in aplane perpendicular to the plane of the frame, a flange along the outeredge of the body portion and extending from the body portion in a planeparallel to the plane of the frame and being integral with said bodyportion and formed by bending said strip, an outer frame element formedof a strip of sheet material folded longitudinally to provide a unithaving one flange extending from the inner side thereof and anotherflange extending from said one flange and overlying but being spacedfrom a portion of said unit and being disposed in a plane parallel tothe plane of the frame and defining a channel with said portion of saidunit, said flange of said body portion of said inner frame element beingdisposed in said channel, and heat-insulating material disposed in saidchannel between said last-mentioned flange and the adjacent portions ofsaid outer frame element, said last-mentioned flange and saidheatinsulating material and said adjacent portions of the outer frameinterconnecting the inner and outer frame elements and interrupting thepath of conductive heat transfer between the inner and outer frameelements.

9. A frame as claimed in claim 8, in the form of a double-glazed windowsash, one glazing sheet being secured to each of said inner and outerframe elements.

UNITED References Cited by the Examiner STATES PATENTS McFarland et a1189-69 Cooper 189-65 Zahner et a1. 189-69 Kohut 189-75 X Alexander eta1. 189-6 5 12 11/1948 Wagner 189-69 X 11/1956 Sylvan 189-75 X 5/1957Martin 189-69 X 3/1959 Haas 52-403 X 5/1965 Smith et al 52-213 X FOREIGNPATENTS 5/1961 France. 4/1954 Great Britain. 4/1960 Great Britain.

HARRISON R. MOS-ELEY, Primary Examiner.

REINALDO P. MAC'HADO, Examiner.

Hodson 189-75 X 15 W. E. HEATON, K. DOWNEY, Assistant Examiners.

1. A FRAME FOR A BUILDING OPENING FORMED OF STRIPS OF SHEET MATERIAL,EACH STRIP FORMING ONE OF THE TOP, BOTTOM, OR SIDE MEMBERS OF THE FRAME,AND COMPRISING A BODY PORTION DEFINING THE INNER PERIPHERAL SURFACE OFTHE FRAME AND LYING IN A PLANE PERPENDICULAR TO THE PLANE OF THE FRAME,SAID BODY PORTION HAVING A CHANNEL-LIKE GROOVE IN SAID INNER PERIPHERALSURFACE, AND FLANGES AT THE OPPOSITE EDGES OF THE BODY PORTION EXTENDINGFROM THE FRAME IN PLANES PARALLEL TO THE PLANE OF THE FRAME, EACH STRIPHAVING PORTIONS EXTENDING TOWARDS EACH OTHER FROM THE OUTWARDLY